Food, Clothing and Shelter are the three basic needs of life. Food to survive and protect from diseases, house to live in, clothes for protection against climate, for modesty and beauty, and also to show status. The material that you use for clothing is called fabric. It’s a long process to get fabric for clothing. And I believe, if you use fabric you should little bit about how it reached from Fibre to Fabric.
FIBRE
Do you know what fabrics are made of? Take a cloth and pull out a thread. Untwist to loosen this thread. You will see that it is made up of smaller threads or hair like strands. Pull out one of these. This single hair like strand is called a fibre.
Fibre Classification:
Natural Fibres:
Some fibres are obtained from natural sources, that is, from plants and animals. Fibres from such sources are called natural fibres. Some examples of fibres from natural sources are cotton, Jute, silk, wool, etc.
Man-made Fibres:
The other type of fibres are obtained from chemical substance. These are called manmade fibres. They are rayon, polyester, nylon, acrylic (cashmilon) etc.
YARNS
Do you remember pulling a thread from a cloth and opening it? That thread which was made of fibres is called yarn.
FABRIC
Fabrics are made in two ways:
1. Weaving
2. Knitting
Weaving:
You all must have seen the seat of a chair or a chaarpai made with nylon or cotton. These are made with tape - when two sets of tapes are interlaced with each other at right angles.Similarily a fabric is also made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles. This whole process of interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles to make a fabric is called weaving.
Knitting:
Pick up a sweater and any other woven fabric and compare the two? Yes, in case of a sweater, there is interlocking of loops. You must have seen your mumma or grandma knitting sweaters with needles. If you try to do it yourself, you will see that every time you make new loops from previous ones the length increases. Knitting is also done on machines. Besides sweaters, you can make other garments also. For example, T-Shirts.
There is another innovative technique for making fabric called 'Nonwoven', which is neither woven nor knitted still used world-wide and very helpful for Sustainability...soon I'll discuss about this amazing fabric too.
FIBRE
Do you know what fabrics are made of? Take a cloth and pull out a thread. Untwist to loosen this thread. You will see that it is made up of smaller threads or hair like strands. Pull out one of these. This single hair like strand is called a fibre.
A fibre is a hair like strand from which all fabrics are made.
Fibre Classification:
Natural Fibres:
Some fibres are obtained from natural sources, that is, from plants and animals. Fibres from such sources are called natural fibres. Some examples of fibres from natural sources are cotton, Jute, silk, wool, etc.
Man-made Fibres:
The other type of fibres are obtained from chemical substance. These are called manmade fibres. They are rayon, polyester, nylon, acrylic (cashmilon) etc.
YARNS
Do you remember pulling a thread from a cloth and opening it? That thread which was made of fibres is called yarn.
A yarns is a continuous strand made up of a number of fibres which are twisted together.
The process of making yarns from fibres is called spinning. FABRIC
Fabrics are made in two ways:
1. Weaving
2. Knitting
Weaving:
You all must have seen the seat of a chair or a chaarpai made with nylon or cotton. These are made with tape - when two sets of tapes are interlaced with each other at right angles.Similarily a fabric is also made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles. This whole process of interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles to make a fabric is called weaving.
Knitting:
Pick up a sweater and any other woven fabric and compare the two? Yes, in case of a sweater, there is interlocking of loops. You must have seen your mumma or grandma knitting sweaters with needles. If you try to do it yourself, you will see that every time you make new loops from previous ones the length increases. Knitting is also done on machines. Besides sweaters, you can make other garments also. For example, T-Shirts.
There is another innovative technique for making fabric called 'Nonwoven', which is neither woven nor knitted still used world-wide and very helpful for Sustainability...soon I'll discuss about this amazing fabric too.
Typically how long does it take to make a 1 m of cloth from cotton plant in industry?
ReplyDeleteIs India still the largest cotton producer?
In industry they have Power Looms, Jet Looms, Jacquard Loom and many more, since these are high speed machines, they take around 10-15min for 1m fabric, and knitted fabric too...but please don't ask about our hand-looms :( sometimes it takes 3 days for just 7x8 inches samples and hand knitting machines are better...but still there are Hand-Loom Industry too and they are amazing, expensive but paisa vasool type... :)
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